After lengthy discussions that may have included haggling, swapping concessions, bargaining, and maybe even stonewalling, there’s no doubt that it feels good to have a done deal. However, the goal of negotiation shouldn’t be to “win.” If you look at it that way, that would imply that somebody else had to be the “loser” and neither party wants to walk away feeling like they “lost.” Rather, successful negotiators understand that negotiations aren’t about manipulating the other party to close a deal. Instead, they should be “win-win” negotiations where both parties walk away feeling satisfied. Whenever you are closing a deal, it’s important to focus on more than just the “I win” attitude. Leaders and managers should be trained to develop negotiation skills that not only help them close deals, but also help them create long-term relationships and lasting value. As you approach the end of your deal, consider the following tips for closing a deal that will lead to a successful business relationship. 

1. Consider the Needs of Your Counterpart

As stated before, it’s always best to strive for a win-win outcome. In order to do this, you must consider the needs of the other parties involved. What is motivating them and what value can they bring to the table? What is most/ least important to them? What problem are they having and how can you help solve it? By considering these needs, you can adjust your offer to be more beneficial for both parties. In consideration of their needs, you should also come prepared with a list of concessions that you are willing to make. Be prepared to offer alternatives and concessions before coming to a final agreement. When you seek to find mutually beneficial solutions, you are likely to build trust and respect with your counterpart. 

2. Treat the Other Party with Respect

In many cases, your relationship with the other party doesn’t end when the negotiation is over. It is very likely that you will continue to work with the other party as a client, customer, or vendor. Therefore, it is important to be respectful at all times so you can build a long-term relationship with them. 

3.Ask Open-Ended Questions

During the course of any negotiation, it is always important to ask open-ended questions like, “Can you tell me more about that?” or “Can you explain why this is important to you?” This helps to give the impression that you genuinely care about their needs in addition to your own. It also forces you to do more listening and less talking, which enables you to collect valuable information about the other party. 

4. Summarize the Deal

Imagine that you have just sat through an informative presentation. Despite how well you may have listened and taken notes, you could probably still benefit from a convenient recap at the end. The same holds true when closing a deal. Before signing on the dotted line, it can be helpful for both parties to restate everything they have gone over to be sure all parties are on the same page. 

5. Always Express Appreciation

It’s good to keep in mind that both parties are taking time out of their day to go over this information. No one likes to feel unappreciated, and this is not different in negotiations. Always be appreciative of the other party and their time. After all, this is a great way to pave the road for more successful interactions with one another in the future. 

6. Monitor Your Counterpart’s Behavior

As you approach the end of your negotiations, watch closely to see how the other party seems to be reacting. Do they seem happy with the outcome or do they appear angry or frustrated? Do they seem to understand everything that was discussed or are they confused? Do they seem excited about working together or anxious to get the deal over with? All of these can be signs of either a successful negotiation or one that is leaving the other party with a bad taste in their mouth. Since it is likely that this relationship will continue, be sure and address any questions or concerns the other party may have and use this opportunity to get them excited about working together. 

7. Close with Confidence

Once the contract is signed and the negotiation is coming to a close, remember to remain positive and confident until the very end. The ability to negotiate successfully with another party will create lasting value for your business and helps to form the beginning of a professional working relationship. This is a great time to share your excitement about the new opportunity and thank the other party for their cooperation.

With business travel and face-to-face meetings limited as a result of the ongoing pandemic, the negotiation process has changed completely in the past year. The sales process has faced a new challenge in closing deals without human interaction. Virtual negotiations have made it more challenging to connect with customers in a way that builds trust and rapport. After all, it’s not easy to strike a huge deal with someone you have never met in person. Research has even shown that people are more likely to walk away from a deal when they don’t connect with the other person. Thus, the current remote working environment has left many sales professionals seeking new ways to connect with their clients virtually. The good news is that you can take practical steps to increase engagement and make your virtual presentations feel more personal. 

Always Use Video

One of the most critical components of any negotiation is the ability to connect with the other person. There is no question that video conferencing greatly enhances that human connection far better than email or chat correspondence. It is vital that both parties be able to see each other in real-time, make eye contact, and conduct an actual conversation versus an email negotiation. In addition, it is worthwhile to invest in an HD quality web camera so that people can see yours clearly.

Acknowledge the Attendees

Just as you would shake everyone’s hands and introduce yourself upon entering a face-to-face meeting, you want to formally acknowledge each person attending the virtual meeting. Greet each person by name and thank them for attending. Throughout the meeting, it is also important to call on each person by name and set the tone for others to do so as well. 

Make Eye Contact

Eye contact is extremely important in any conversation and it allows you to connect with those around you. This is no different in a virtual setting. Make sure that your camera is angled appropriately so that you can look directly into the lens. This helps the recipient feel like you are looking directly at them. Always look right at the camera, and avoid looking up, down, or at something on your desk while you are speaking. Just as you would in person, you want to maintain eye contact whenever you are speaking in a virtual negotiation. 

Minimize Distractions

You want to be sure your virtual setting is just as professional as an in-person setting would be. For example, make sure your room is well lit so that your screen does not appear dark. You would never turn the lights off in a meeting room so make sure your screen looks the same. Likewise, turn off the self-view feature, as it is too tempting to want to look at yourself to see how you look on screen. You would never look at yourself in a mirror in a physical meeting, so there is no need to be distracted by self-view on your computer. Finally, avoid cheesy backgrounds and choose a space in your home that is free of distractions in the background. 

Pay More Attention to Tone and Inflection

Since body language is taken out of the equation in a virtual environment, people are only left with tone and inflection by which to judge a person’s emotions. Make sure you are speaking clearly and using a tone and inflection that is confident and warm.

As much as we want negotiations with our counterparts to be mutually beneficial, there are times when we are faced with difficult negotiators who just aren’t willing to budge on anything. Sometimes these negotiators can even be adversarial, resorting to manipulative or bullying techniques to get their way. So, what do you do if you find yourself face to face with a difficult negotiator? No matter how the other person acts or what tactics they employ, it is important to respond in a certain way in order to keep the negotiation moving forward. Consider the following tips for negotiating with someone who wants to play hardball. 

Take a Deep Breath and Stay Calm

No matter how the other party acts, what strategy they use, or what behavior they display, you need to stay in control. Oftentimes, when we are attacked by an adversarial negotiator, our first instinct is to fight back. In reality, however, this is the time to take a deep breath and remain calm. Taking a deep breath releases oxygen to the brain, delaying your fight or flight response and lowering your blood pressure and this is important so you can take time to think. If you let your emotions get the best of you, you might end up making the situation worse. Rather, take a deep breath and count to 10 before moving any further. 

Acknowledge Their Viewpoint

Even if you completely disagree with the other person, there is a lot of power in acknowledging their feelings. Really listen to what they have to say and let them know you hear them. Validate their feelings by letting them know you are listening and that you respect and value their position. One of the most common reasons why people are difficult is because they simply don’t feel heard. A great way to do this is by asking them some open-ended questions such as, “Tell me more about why this is important to you” or “Can you tell me more about what is upsetting you?” Often just asking a few questions and allowing them to share their feelings can diffuse the situation and create an atmosphere of collaboration instead of conflict. 

Don’t Lose Focus on Why You are There

It’s easy to get lost in the chaos of the situation but don’t lose sight of why you are there. Remain focused on your objectives and don’t let bullying tactics or aggressive behaviors get you off track. At this point, you want to transfer the focus to a different issue and reframe the discussion around your shared interests. Remind the other party that you are there to find a solution that is beneficial to both parties. 

Offer Mutually Beneficial Alternatives

In many cases, the secret to a successful negotiation is the ability to think creatively about how to find a collaborative solution. This is where preparation comes into play. Prior to the negotiation, you should have gathered as much information as possible about what is motivating the other party and what problems they are looking to solve. You need to come to the negotiation prepared to suggest mutually beneficial solutions. Be prepared to be flexible and be willing to consider alternative solutions.

Be Assertive

When you are dealing with a tough negotiator, sometimes you need to show that you are just as tough. You should always be courteous and respectful, but that doesn’t mean you have to let others walk all over you. All too often these tough negotiators feel like they can bully you to take control, but as soon as you let them know that you will not accept that, it can be a game changer. You could say something like, “I am here to work with you but your language and behavior are not acceptable. You are free to do business with someone else but as long as you are dealing with me, I expect to be shown the same respect that I show you.” Don’t be afraid to stand up for yourself and never subject yourself to someone else’s verbal abuse or bullying tactics.

There are several ways to settle a dispute between two parties. Many contracts contain “dispute resolution” provisions regarding how a dispute should be settled. For instance, some contracts state that the parties must mediate a dispute before litigation or arbitration. Because these provisions are common in many negotiated agreements, it’s important to understand the difference between them. While all three are designed for two parties to reach an agreement, they each involve different methods, strategies, and practices for reaching such agreements. If you find yourself in need of settling a dispute, you might be wondering which method is best for you. Here we will examine each of these types of dispute resolution and the differences between them. 

Negotiation

Negotiation is an informal process by which two parties settle differences. In a negotiation, both parties aim to achieve the best possible outcome for their position. However, this is commonly achieved through the principles of fairness whereas both parties seek mutual benefits and strive to maintain a strong and productive relationship. Negotiations are reached through discussions between the two parties without the presence of a third party. It is the most informal type of dispute resolution and is a simple alternative to court action and litigation. The advantages of negotiation are that it is less costly and less time-consuming than other types of dispute resolution and decisions are made only by the involved parties. 

Arbitration

Arbitration is a form of private dispute resolution. If two parties cannot successfully resolve a dispute, they may seek the help of a third party. Unlike a mediator, arbitrators typically have legal training and they have the authority to make decisions and impose determinations that are binding on the parties. The arbitrator is agreed upon by the parties and is often chosen on the basis of substantive expertise. Generally, arbitrators are retired judges or experienced attorneys who conduct the proceedings much like a court trial but without the time and expense of an actual trial. The advantages of arbitration are that it is faster and more productive than negotiation and less expensive than litigation. 

Litigation

Litigation is a term used to describe a formal dispute resolution that involves a court trial. Litigation involves handling a dispute in a court of law in order to enforce a particular right. During a litigation, the judge makes the final decisions for the parties unless a settlement is reached before trial. It begins the moment one party hires a lawyer to enforce or defend his or her legal rights. There are several steps in the litigation process and it can take much longer than other types of dispute resolution. It is also more costly, as there are costs involved with court fees, attorney fees, and hiring of expert witnesses. The advantages of litigation are that it forces both parties to cooperate, it is public record, appeals can be made if necessary, and there will definitely be an end result.  

The purpose of a negotiation is to bring two parties together in order to find common ground and seek solutions that are mutually beneficial. While this sounds great in theory, things don’t always go as planned. There might be times when the two parties simply cannot come to an agreement and must seek an alternative dispute resolution or it might even be that one party is contesting the contractual agreement that was initially agreed upon during negotiation. In any case, there are several methods of dispute resolution including mediation, arbitration, and litigation. While there is certainly a time and a place for each of these, they certainly have their advantages and disadvantages so it’s important to know which type of dispute resolution would be most appropriate for your situation. Let’s take a closer look at why arbitration might be the best option when it comes to settling disputes. 

Types of Dispute Resolution

There are essentially four types of dispute resolution: negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation. Negotiation is generally where people begin because it’s an informal consensual process by which two parties try to reach an agreement. In many cases, this is simply a starting point and further dispute resolution is needed. 

Mediation is another type of dispute resolution. Like negotiation, it is also a consensual process, but it involves a neutral third party who helps the parties negotiate a resolution to settle their dispute. In a mediation, it is still the responsibility of the involved parties to come to an agreement. The mediator does not make or impose any decisions on behalf of the parties. 

Arbitration is a more formal process for resolving a dispute. The arbitrator is also a neutral third party, but the process requires formal rules of procedure and the arbitrator typically has legal training. Unlike a mediator, the arbitrator has the authority to make decisions that are binding on both parties. 

Finally, litigation involves settling a dispute in a court of law. It is the most formal and expensive form of dispute resolution and requires both parties to be represented by a lawyer. 

Advantages of Arbitration

Anytime there is a dispute that requires a third party to help resolve it, it is advisable to start with arbitration. Unlike other forms of dispute resolution, arbitration allows both parties to reach a solution without stalling, wasting time, or wasting unnecessary money. Here are just a few of the advantages of settling a dispute through arbitration. 

• Both parties agree on the arbitrator: Unlike other forms of dispute settlement, an arbitrator is someone who is chosen by both parties so everyone involved can have confidence that they will be fair and impartial. 

• The dispute will be solved faster: Working with a mediator can involve multiple back and forth meetings and that can take time. Furthermore, a date for arbitration can usually be obtained much faster than a trial date. This means that arbitration can usually be the fastest and most productive way to settle a dispute. 

• Arbitration leads to results: Unlike mediation where it’s up the parties to reach an agreement, an arbitrator has the authority to make binding decisions. 

Arbitration is less expensive than a trial: It can be extremely expensive to go to trial and the involved parties can save money by not hiring lawyers, expert witnesses, and trial preparation fees.

The negotiation is over and you can finally breathe a sigh of relief. While you might be done with the hard part, it’s not quite time to put your feet up and relax. The truth is, there is still work to be done after a negotiation. As it turns out, negotiating is a process and the real work begins after you shake hands and part ways. After the negotiation is over, it’s important to clarify things in writing and confirm your new timetable as soon as possible. You also want to check in with your counterpart to ensure that everyone is on the same page. If you want to ensure that your negotiation is successful from beginning to end, be sure and tie up your loose ends after an agreement is reached. 

Put Everything in Writing

If you and your counterpart reached an agreement, you will need to write down the details of the agreement. Be as specific as possible about each detail so you can be sure both parties are fully aware of what they are agreeing upon. Once you have outlined your agreement details, you will need to submit a copy of this agreement to your counterpart for review. This is important because it alleviates any misunderstandings and ensures that both parties are on the same page. You never want to leave gray areas and you certainly don’t want any surprises. A formal written agreement also increases the chances that both parties will follow through with their promises.

Clear Up Any Confusion

Once you have submitted a formal agreement it is advisable to answer and/or ask any questions that you or your counterpart might have. You want to be sure both parties feel like they have a clear understanding of the agreement. Be sure to go over any concessions that were agreed upon during the negotiation so there is no confusion about expectations. 

Revisit the Negotiation if Needed

In some instances an agreement may not have been reached. In this case, you would want to check back with the other party to revisit the negotiation. Perhaps the timing is now right to move forward with an agreement. In any case, keeping in touch allows you to maintain the relationship in case a new opportunity arises. 

Check In Regularly

It is always a good idea to check in every now and then to see if things are going well. This is an integral part of building a long term relationship. If possible, you might even consider holding regular meetings to discuss how things are going. Perhaps things need to be changed or modified in order to achieve the best results. Make sure your counterpart knows that you are committed to doing your part, and in turn, they should reciprocate with the same courtesy. 

Negotiation is a vital skill for professionals in today’s business environment. If you are looking to build your skills and become a more valuable asset to your organization, you will need to learn how to succeed at the bargaining table. While preparing for your negotiation is certainly essential for success, it’s just as important to know what mistakes to avoid. To help you become a more effective negotiator, you must not get distracted by hard bargaining tactics and the other side’s problems. Rather, you want to remain detached from your counterpart, yet fully engaged in the negotiation. 

Don’t Fall for the Tricks

It’s not always fair but sometimes people employ hardball tactics to try and take advantage of naive and inexperienced negotiators. They may try the “I can’t authorize that” tactic to delay a response or they may try the ‘I’m sorry I wish I could do more but this is all I can afford’ tactic to keep prices down. Furthermore, they may even try to inundate you with all of their problems to try and earn your sympathy so you will back down and concede. All of these tactics are designed to throw you off your game. Never allow yourself to get too emotional with your counterpart. Remember that their problems are not your problems and that you are simply there to do business with them. 

Don’t Negotiate Against Yourself

It’s certainly important to listen to the other side’s needs and hear what they have to say. In fact, in addition to representing your own interests, you also want to be open to the other side’s point of view. That said, you do not want to get so absorbed in their problems that you forget about your own agenda. You want to remember that negotiation involves persuasion, and it’s all about convincing the other side to see your point of view. If you get too involved in the other side’s problems, you could end up negotiating against yourself. 

Stay Focused on Your Goals

It’s easy to get so wrapped up in a negotiation that you forget what you came to achieve. Make a list of your goals beforehand and be sure to stick to those throughout the negotiation. Have a list of concessions prepared in advance, so you don’t end up giving up something out of pity for the other side. Also, know your BATNA and be willing to walk away if the agreement isn’t viable. Despite the hardships of your counterpart, remember to stay focused on what you came to achieve. You can be cordial and respectful while still keeping your eye on the prize. 

The ability to negotiate is a skill that can help you no matter what industry you are in. Most professionals will spend some part of their career negotiating, whether it be with customers, colleagues, or employers. While it is a common business practice, many people are not experienced negotiators and might end getting pushed around at the bargaining table. For this reason, it is important to understand some basic principles of negotiation so you can stick to them when you sit down with your counterpart. 

Know what you want to accomplish.

If you don’t know what you are trying to achieve, how will you know if your negotiation was successful? Prior to sitting down at the table, you need to have a clear understanding of exactly what you want to accomplish. Having a defined goal will allow you to develop a strategy to help you achieve your desired outcome. It will also help you to determine your walk-away point. Throughout the negotiation, be sure and stay focused on your goal and stick to your plan. 

Develop a strategy.

It’s not enough to simply have a  goal in mind. You also need to prepare for your negotiation by devising a detailed plan. Know what you are going to offer and when you plan to offer it. Have a list of concessions prepared beforehand and an idea of when you plan to use them. You also want to know what you plan to ask for in return. Consider adding decoys such as “nice-to-have items” that are not essential to your overall success. Be prepared to change gears if your counterpart seems unwilling to budge and plan for the unexpected. Preparing a strategy will make you more confident and it will also help you to stay on track and stick to your goals. 

Know the full range and strength of your power. 

One of the reasons people set low aspirations is because they underestimate the strength of their position and their negotiating skills. If you enter into a negotiation with the assumption that your counterpart is more skilled than you and has a better position, than it typically proves to be true. Rather, identify your own strengths and the power of your own position and stick to that power throughout the negotiation. 

Remain respectful and trustworthy at all times. 

Let’s be honest-the world isn’t fair and people can be ruthless, especially when it comes to negotiating. There might be times when you are faced with a bully negotiator that is willing to use hardball tactics to intimidate and frustrate you. In these situations, remember to hold true to your own principles of honesty and integrity and don’t sink to their level. Calmly and respectfully try to steer the conversation in a different direction and don’t be afraid to call a time-out or walk away if needed. It’s not worth running your own reputation.

Seek a win-win outcome.

If you want to secure a strong and professional ongoing relationship, it’s important to seek a win-win result. If your counterpart feels that they are being treated unfairly, this could damage the relationship between you, which could affect future negotiations. In the long run, maintaining a good relationship is more important than a win-lose outcome. 

The start of a new quarter means a new chance for you to achieve your goals. If you want to perform better, hit your numbers, and reach new heights, you can leverage your chances by building your negotiation skills. There is no question that negotiation skills play a critical role in doing business. In today’s highly competitive market, the ability to negotiate effectively puts you at a much greater advantage. Not only will you become a better communicator, but you will also find that you can increase your profitability dramatically. If you want to gain a competitive edge this quarter, start by strengthening these important negotiating skills.

Communication Skills

Communication is the foundation of any negotiation. How you communicate can make or break a negotiation. You must be able to convey your message clearly and effectively if you want to succeed as a negotiator. Verbal, nonverbal, and written communication skills are essential when negotiating, and strengthening your communication skills can help you gain a competitive edge at the bargaining table. 

Listening Skills

Many people think negotiation is all about stating their case, but listening is equally important. In fact, the best negotiators understand that it is through listening that they gain pertinent information about what is motivating their counterpart. In addition to gaining useful information, listening also helps to build a rapport with the other party because they feel like their voice is being heard. If you want to strengthen your negotiation skills, you want to start by learning how to listen. 

Planning and Organizing Skills

Negotiation involves a great deal of planning in order to be successful. You can’t simply walk in and “wing it.” Rather, a great negotiator spends time researching and gathering information about the other party prior to the negotiation. Then, they devise a plan and strategy that will give them the best chance of achieving a win-win outcome. They spend time creating a detailed outline of their goals, what concessions they will make/receive, and how they plan to go about leading the discussion. A successful negotiation involves methodical planning and a great deal of organization before the two parties even sit down to talk.

Problem-Solving Skills

Most negotiations happen because one or both parties is seeking a solution to a problem. Good-problem solving skills allow you to seek solutions that are mutually beneficial. Furthermore, you can learn how to identify potential problems before they occur. If you can learn how to solve your customer’s problem, you are likely to see a boost in sales. 

Negotiation skills are necessary no matter what industry you are in, and learning to negotiate effectively can help you land deals and build long-lasting relationships. They can also help you get that promotion you have been after or get the lead on that big project at work. Building your negotiation skills takes time, but it is well worth the effort and can ultimately help you to hit your new quarter goals. 

When it comes to doing business, consistency is important. Consistency is highly valued and is associated with honesty, integrity, stability, and even intelligence. Most of us will go to great lengths to consistently fulfill our commitments. Why? Because on the contrary, few people want to deal with a counterpart that has a reputation for acting inconsistently and not fulfilling their commitments. In terms of negotiating, good sales professionals know that if they can get a small commitment from a customer, that customer’s natural tendency will be to move forward and fulfill that commitment. As a result, good negotiators focus intently on what they are being locked into and how tightly it binds. While it is a necessary component of any negotiation, it is critical to manage your level of commitment. Consider the following tips to avoid overcommitting during a negotiation. 

1. Determine Your WAP (walk-away point) Prior to the Negotiation

Negotiations can be stressful, especially if you are negotiating with a professional. It is common for people to buckle under the pressure and end up committing to something they don’t really want. For this reason, every negotiator should determine their WAP before walking into the negotiation. This is extremely important because it prevents you from making a commitment that you either can’t fulfill or that isn’t beneficial to you. 

2. Don’t Commit Too Quickly

Once made, commitments may limit your ability to negotiate further- for this reason you want to avoid committing too early. A skilled negotiator will try to lock you in and bind you as tightly as possible. Permitting yourself to commit too quickly could prevent potential flexibility. Only commit when you feel confident that you are getting the best possible deal and there is no additional need to counteroffer.  

3. Understand the Terms of Your Commitment

It may sound obvious but all too often people commit to deals without fully understanding the parameters of the deal. Before agreeing to anything, be sure you know exactly what you are committing to up to the last detail. Expert negotiators might try to lure you in without fully disclosing minute details and you don’t want to be caught off guard. Ask questions and repeat back the terms of the deal to be sure you fully understand your commitment.